Internal-combustion engine



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Patented May 11, 19426.

UNITED STATES l 1,583,955l PATENroFFIcE.

ARTHUR A. BULL, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR T0 GENERAL MOTORS CORPORA- TION, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

. Application filed October 30, 1922. Serial No. 597,968.

This invention relates to internal combus- .tion engines, and more particularly to that type of engine in which the cylinder is detachably mounted in the casing thereof.`

One of the objects of the invention is to provide new and improved means for sealing the space between the cylinder and the casing with a construction that will permit the expansion of the cylinder without distorting the saine, and at the same time will prevent the leakage of the cooling fluid.

Another object of the invention is the provision of sealing means 'that is simple in construction, efficient in operation, cheap to manufacture, that maybe readily assembled, and that is vnot likely to get out of Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the description and the accompanying ldrawings in which,

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a portion of an engine showing my invention applied r thereto;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a portion of an engine showing the position of the sealing strip during the initial movement 1n the assembling of the engine.

Fig. 3 isa similar view showing the po sition of the sealing strip after the engine has been assembled; and

Fig. 4 'is an elevation of Athe sealing strip with parts in section and arts broken away.

Referring to the drawings, the reference f numeral 1 designates an internal combustion.

engine having one or more cylinders which may be of any type, but as here shown is of the L type of cylinder, i. e., one in which the valves are located laterally of the cylinder.

As shown the engine is provided with the usual carburetor 2, intake 3, exhaust manifold 4, exhaust valve 5, and piston 6, all of which may be of the usual or any well known construction. The jacket or casing 7 is provided at its upper en d with an inwardly extending support 8, which is provided with a circularV opening 9, having the counterbore 10 therein. A cylinder sleeve 11, having a comparatively -thin wall, extends through the opening 9, and is provided ,with a flange counterbore 10. The cylinder 11 is spaced from the casing 7 for the purpose of forni- 12, which is adapted to seat in the ng-a receptacle or jacket for the cooling Suitable means are provided for sealing the joint between the flange 12 and the casing 7. Any appropriate means may be provided for thispurpose. As shown, the outer edge ofthe flange 12' is b`evelled for the purpose of compressing and distorting asuitable packing or sealing ring or` gasket 13.

When the cylinder 11 is in position in the f water jacket the upper surface of the same vis flush with the uppersurface of said jacket.

The cylinder head 14 is adapted to besecured to the water jacket 7 by any suitable means such as the bolts 15. The head is so arranged that it overlaps the jointA between the cylinder 11 and the water jacket 7, so that when the bolts 15 are screwed home, the flange 12 will distort the packing 13, and clamp the same in the counterbore 10 to seal said-joint The lower end of the casing 7 is provided with an internalflange 16 havingan opening 16u in which is adapted to engage the lower tapered e'nd 17 of the cylinder 11. A groove 18 is provided onthe inner peripheral surface of the flange 16 about said opening.

In the use of an engine having removable sleeves, it is customary in the commercial manufacture of the same to provide sufficient clearance between the lower ends of the cylinders and the .walls of the openings 1n the casing for the purpose of accommodating the relatively greater expansion of the cylinder walls than the casing in order that the said walls, which arerelatively thin 4and consef quently readily heated may not become distorted, thereby distorting the bore and materially affecting the efliciency of the engine during itsoperation. With the provision of clearance, it becomes necessary to provide a. sealing gasket to prevent leakage of water from the jacket to the crankcase of the engine. The gasket to be effective must be made from some material that will notdeteriorate with heat or moisture and which, further, will have some adhering tendencies in order to form a proper seal. It has been found by experiment that certain types of resilient material form an excellent seal.

Rubber is well adapted for this purpose because it will not only adhere to the material forming the joints, but will greatly resist deterioration due to heat and moisture. Moreover, annular gaskets made from of the gaskets to permit distortion of the material, they may also bemade with a thickness greater than their retaining grooves, whereby when the parts are assembled the gaskets may be placed under both. tension and compression, thereby insuring tight joints-between the vjoint members at all temperaturesl and under all 'conditions, and atthe same time permitting the free expansion and contraction of the members forming the joint, without distorting either of the members.

As sho-wn on .the drawings, the gasket 20 is of rubber and recesses areformed in the same in any suitable manner as by providing the peripheral wall of the gasket with parallel projections or ribs 21, extending circumferentially.' thereof or longitudinallyabout the same. f

In assembling the engine, the gaskets 13 and 20 are placed in the counter bores 10 and grooves 18, respectively and the cylinders. are then `forced to position in the casing 7,'the lower tapered ends of said cylinders expanding said gasket 20 against the bottom walls of the grooves 18.

By making the internaldiameter of the gasket smaller than the external diameter of the cylinder and its thickness greater than the depth of the retaining groove, as indicated in Fig. 2 the gasket will beunder both tension an bompression, when the cylinder is forced ,downwardly to its assembled position. This arrangement will not only form a water-tight joint between the cylinder and the casing as indicated in Fig. 3, but the resilient gasket 20 will permit both radial and longitudinal expansion of said cylinder without distorting the same.

While the gasket 2O is described as being ot' rubber, itis understoodthat it may be made of other material, having the properties indicated above.

4It is thought from the L''.oregoing taken in connection with the accompanying drawings that the construction and operation of my device will be apparent to those Skilled in the art; and that changes in size, shape, proportion and details of construction may be made without department from the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

In a device of the class described an engine casing provided with internal flanges at its upper end and adjacent its lower end, said flangeshaving alined openings therethrough, the peripheral wall of the lower of said openings being provided with a recess, a cylinder having a tapered lower end removablymounted in said openings, a cylinder head engagingthe upper end of said cylinder to force it downward, an annular rubber gasket provided with parallel ribs on its outer periphery seated in said recess, the external diameter of said gasket being subtantially that of said groove and its in.-V

ternal diameter less than the external diameter of said cylinder, whereby ywhen said cylinder is seated in said openi gs, said gasket .is placed under both co pression and tension for forming a water tight joint between said cylinder and one of said flanges. l

In testimony whereof I alii/x my signature.

rARTHUR A. BULL. 

